Learning Outcomes: 1. Articulate multiple career paths that a person can take if interested in a career in animal health and veterinary medicine.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Describe the requirements and process for applying to veterinary medical school.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Understand how to engage in career exploration.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Use science as a tool for understanding the world and solving problems.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Understand how scientific data, social context, and political decisions impact prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in different community contexts.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Identify obstacles to implementing effective disease interventions and understand ways to evaluate those interventions.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Describe the steps of the HIV viral life cycle.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Discuss how HIV’s replication process leads to immune deficiency and AIDS.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Describe immune responses against viral infection and list reasons why these responses fail to clear HIV infection.
Audience: Undergraduate

7. List reasons why it is challenging to cure HIV infection.
Audience: Undergraduate

8. Discuss approaches for making vaccines against other pathogens and list reasons why it is challenging to apply these approaches to HIV.
Audience: Undergraduate

9. Discuss and evaluate approaches for slowing the spread of HIV in the United States and other countries.
Audience: Undergraduate

10. Describe the processes by which HIV emerged to become a human pathogen.
Audience: Undergraduate

11. Discuss the sources of funding for the global response to HIV/AIDS and evaluate the efficacy of each in achieving its goals.
Audience: Undergraduate

12. Apply the concepts learned in relation to HIV to other emerging and re-emerging pathogens, such as Ebola virus, Zika virus, and/or SARS-CoV-2.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Summarize intellectual growth associated with independent study work through mentor discussion
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Identify diversity of viewpoints through critical thinking
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Illustrate growth in reading, writing, and communication skills
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Investigate the myriad ways in which a new (evolution-informed) way of looking at the world of veterinary and human medicine and public health is beneficial and necessary for modern medicine.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Compare how goals of personal medicine and public health are similar and dissimilar.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Evaluate case studies to compare how evolutionary principles can be used to improve standard approaches to treating cancer and drug resistant sexually transmitted infections, STIs.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Articulate the consequences of pathogen evolution for disease outbreaks and control.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Describe the genetic and behavioral reasons why there are increasing numbers of antibiotic resistant infections.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Read and analyze data on the health status of populations.
Audience: Undergraduate

7. Critically evaluate and effectively use textbooks, current research literature, online information, as well as information related to scientific and biological issues in the popular press.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Be conversant in terminology used in the field of Parasitology.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Recall scientific and common names for parasites and hosts, and the name of the resulting disease in humans or animals.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Attribute parasite behavior and characteristics to specific disease features in the host.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Identify appropriate means to diagnose infections with parasites.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Describe and identify factors that determine when, where, and why parasitic diseases exist.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Integrate terminology, scientific nomenclature, diagnostic features and demographics to solve case studies where the parasitic culprit is unknown.
Audience: Undergraduate

7. Compare and contrast commonalities in parasite life cycles to demonstrate how flexibility in those life cycles has resulted in many different potential means of transmission.
Audience: Undergraduate

8. Deconstruct the impact of parasitic diseases on human and animal health, from disease symptoms and pathology in an individual, to socioeconomics in communities and countries.
Audience: Undergraduate

9. Identify reliable resources (primarily internet-based) available for researching the biology and epidemiology parasitic diseases.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Discuss and apply how the immune system in a healthy animal protects its host from infection and neoplasia.
Audience: Graduate

2. Discuss and apply the mechanisms underlying the failure of the body’s defenses to protect against infections and neoplasia.
Audience: Graduate

3. Discuss and apply the mechanisms and consequences of over-reactions of the immune system.
Audience: Graduate

4. Discuss and apply how immune system can be manipulated by vaccination to protect against infections and other strategies to combat transplant rejection and treat cancer.
Audience: Graduate

5. Discuss and apply the immunological principles of diagnostic tests and how to interpret the results
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Apply the principles of causal inference to health-related outcomes
Audience: Graduate

2. Recognize the effects of bias, confounding and interaction on medical research
Audience: Graduate

3. Assess and evaluate health-related risk
Audience: Graduate

4. Measure and analyze patterns of health-related outcomes in populations
Audience: Graduate

5. Interpret diagnostic test results
Audience: Graduate

6. Evaluate the validity of medical information
Audience: Graduate

7. Communicate medical and scientific information to clients and the public.
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Apply basic concepts of virology, including structure, replication strategies, pathogenesis, evolution, and antiviral therapy, to viral diseases
Audience: Graduate

2. Recall viral diseases and prion diseases of animals that are important in veterinary medicine and as zoonoses, describing clinical disease, prevention and control
Audience: Graduate

3. Integrate knowledge of pathogenesis to describe pathophysiology of viral diseases
Audience: Graduate

4. Apply concepts of diagnostic testing to diagnose viral diseases
Audience: Graduate

5. Analyze primary veterinary literature in the context of viral diseases
Audience: Graduate

6. Communicate concepts of viral diseases to a defined audience, such as clients, public health, or veterinary professionals
Audience: Graduate

7. Identify viral diseases that are considered foreign animal diseases
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Name and classify important veterinary parasite species by their scientific and/or common names, as appropriate.
Audience: Graduate

2. Recognize parasites based on the morphological features of different stages. Recognize the general size, shape, and diagnostic features of adults, larvae, eggs, cysts, etc.
Audience: Graduate

3. Identify how parasites of veterinary importance are transmitted. Describe salient features of the life cycles of these parasites, including as definitive hosts, intermediate hosts, paratenic hosts, infective parasite stages, prepatent and patent periods, etc.; other factors influencing transmission such as host environment, diet, season, etc.
Audience: Graduate

4. Discuss the effects of parasites on their hosts. Describe the conditions under which disease is produced, the clinical signs and characteristics of disease, the role of host immunity, pathogenic mechanisms, and parasite stages responsible for pathology.
Audience: Graduate

5. Explain how parasite infections are diagnosed, treated and controlled. Describe techniques of diagnosis, availability and efficacy of treatment, and the respective roles of different methods of control (e.g., vector control, management practices, chemotherapy).
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Summarize and compare the clinical presentations of selected zoonotic diseases in both animals and humans.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Explain at a technical level, and in a language appropriate for educating clients, the role(s) that animals play in disease transmission and the relative risks for human infections posed by contact with animals.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Uphold the premise that “One Health” is an important framework for addressing important public health challenges and describe the ways that veterinarians are involved.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Outline the roles and responsibilities of veterinarians and government agencies in animal importation, response to disasters, animal abuse, and the control of zoonotic and animal diseases.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Outline the roles played by veterinarians in the safety of food of animal origin and how carcasses are processed and inspected.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Explain ways that veterinarians work to decrease antibiotic and other drug residues in food products and stem the emergence of antibiotic resistance through careful stewardship of antibiotics.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Construct a valid differential diagnosis list of bacterial or fungal organisms contributing to disease, given a patient signalment, presenting complaint, physical examination, and pertinent laboratory data.
Audience: Graduate

2. Describe methods for proper collection and transport of samples for bacterial or fungal culture and identification.
Audience: Graduate

3. Perform basic laboratory tests for identification of bacterial and fungal species (e.g. streak a bacterial culture plate, Gram stain, microscopic identification of bacterial and fungal organisms).
Audience: Graduate

4. Prepare an appropriate diagnostic plan and interpret diagnostic test results for bacterial and fungal organisms.
Audience: Graduate

5. Describe important features of treatment for bacterial and fungal diseases of veterinary species.
Audience: Graduate

6. Discuss the importance of proper disinfection techniques for prevention of bacterial and fungal diseases.
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Create medical problem lists for individual animals and groups of animals using information collected from the signalment, history, physical examination, laboratory tests, diagnostic imaging, and additional ancillary tests and investigations.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Develop a comprehensive differential diagnosis based on the presenting complaint, that is organized by body system or mechanisms of disease, and select relevant disorders for a ranked differential diagnosis based on collected evidence.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Develop a diagnostic plan based on the ranked differential diagnosis.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Prepare rounds presentations (short summaries), in an organized and succinct manner using medical terminology, that can be used for clinical presentations or with submissions for ancillary testing.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Replicate these analytical problem-solving skills for diverse animal species that present with various complaints.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Capitalize on the strengths of teams that are diverse in experience, interest, and problem-solving preference to explain and communicate complex clinical problems in a respectful and responsible manner.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Create medical problem lists for individual animals and groups of animals using information collected from the signalment, history, physical examination, laboratory tests, diagnostic imaging, and additional ancillary tests and investigations.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Develop a comprehensive differential diagnosis based on the presenting complaint, that is organized by body system or mechanisms of disease, and select relevant disorders for a ranked differential diagnosis based on collected evidence.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Develop a diagnostic plan based on the ranked differential diagnosis.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Prepare rounds presentations (short summaries), in an organized and succinct manner using medical terminology, that can be used for clinical presentations or with submissions for ancillary testing.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Replicate these analytical problem-solving skills for diverse animal species that present with various complaints.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Capitalize on the strengths of teams that are diverse in experience, interest, and problem-solving preference to explain and communicate complex clinical problems in a respectful and responsible manner.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Identify lymphatic tissues and describe their functions
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Differentiate between innate and adaptive immune responses
Audience: Undergraduate

3. State the products of B and T cell activation in adaptive immunity
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Describe the steps in B and T cell activation and the immune mechanisms regulating their activity
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Explain how the adaptive immune system recognizes diverse antigens
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Summarize coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses in host defense against cancer and infectious diseases
Audience: Undergraduate

7. List examples of when the immune system goes awry (hypersensitivity, autoimmunity)
Audience: Undergraduate

8. Apply course concepts to design new therapies for cancer, infectious disease, or organ transplant
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Describe gross and microscopic changes seen in tissues and organs and understand the underlying processes making them appear the way they do
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Identify tissues and organs and summarize the abnormalities present
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Interpret the gross and microscopic changes utilizing the language of pathology by formulating a morphologic diagnosis
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Apply important pathologic concepts and principles to draw conclusions about the pathogenesis of the changes they see
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Integrate clinical, historical, clinicopathologic, imaging results, and pathologic findings and draw conclusions relevant to the disease or process affecting the animal
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Describe gross and microscopic changes seen in tissues and organs and understand the underlying processes making them appear the way they do
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Identify tissues and organs and summarize the abnormalities present
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Interpret the gross and microscopic changes utilizing the language of pathology by formulating a morphologic diagnosis
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Apply important pathologic concepts and principles to draw conclusions about the pathogenesis of the changes they see
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Integrate clinical, historical, clinicopathologic, imaging results, and pathologic findings and draw conclusions relevant to the disease or process affecting the animal
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Identify what are common, usual, and typical aspects of pathology within each organ system
Audience: Undergraduate

7. Discuss common or important diseases and where appropriate identify specific etiologies associated with them
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Describe gross and microscopic changes seen in tissues and organs and understand the underlying processes making them appear the way they do
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Identify tissues and organs and summarize the abnormalities present
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Interpret the gross and microscopic changes utilizing the language of pathology by formulating a morphologic diagnosis
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Apply important pathologic concepts and principles to draw conclusions about the pathogenesis of the changes they see
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Integrate clinical, historical, clinicopathologic, imaging results, and pathologic findings and draw conclusions relevant to the disease or process affecting the animal
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Identify what are common, usual, and typical aspects of pathology within each organ system
Audience: Undergraduate

7. Discuss common or important diseases and where appropriate identify specific etiologies associated with them
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Describe the principles for routine laboratory tests in hematology, hemostasis, urinalysis, clinical chemistry, endocrinology, and cytology, including the principles of quality control and preanalytical, analytical, and post-analytical variables that may affect test results.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Demonstrate technical skills in preparing a diagnostic blood smear, performing a complete urinalysis and microhematocrit centrifugation for the measurement of packed cell volume and total protein by refractometry, and microscopically evaluating peripheral blood smears, urine sediments, and cytologic specimens.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Interpret test results, including microscopic findings, by integrating information from the signalment, history, and physical examination, and organize a complete, but succinct, problem list using correct medical terminology for animal patients.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Based on the established problem list, identify relevant differential diagnosis(es) or conclusion(s) and suggest appropriate ancillary testing to gather evidence toward a final diagnosis.
Audience: Undergraduate

5. List the essential/supporting evidence for your diagnosis/conclusion and explain the relevant pathophysiologic mechanism(s) using appropriate medical terminology.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Support the learning of your peers while clarifying and solidifying your own knowledge by working in teams within the laboratory and on course exercises.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Perform accurate and complete routine gross necropsy procedures, methods, and techniques.
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Describe and interpret gross morphologic lesions and clearly, concisely, and accurately record these in a written report.
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Select and sample tissues for histopathological examination using proper technique.
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Select and sample specimens for ancillary procedures (e.g., cytology, bacteriology, virology, etc.).
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Correlate pathologic changes with clinical, clinicopathological, imaging, and other findings, to better understand and explain disease pathogenesis.
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Differentiate between normal anatomy and anatomic differences (between individuals and between species), and postmortem autolysis, artifactual changes, and true pathological lesions.
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Develop competence and professional skills in veterinary medicine
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Explore current topics and trends in veterinary medicine
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Developing breadths of experiences related to veterinary medicine
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Articulate a clear research question or problem and formulate a hypothesis
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Demonstrate technical mastery of a research methodology
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Define and use terminology and concepts specific to their research topic
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Demonstrate competence and confidence in searching for existing research relevant to their project
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Explain how their project adds to knowledge gaps in the field
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Apply problem solving skills to address research hurdles
Audience: Undergraduate

7. Work collaboratively with other researchers in the laboratory (including other trainees, staff and the PI)
Audience: Undergraduate

8. Demonstrate growth in working autonomously over the course of the 681/682 enrollment period
Audience: Undergraduate

9. Explain their research to others in the field and to broader audiences in research presentations
Audience: Undergraduate

10. Articulate the relevance of their research to their professional future and speak to project-specific learning outcomes established with their research instructor and mentor
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Articulate a clear research question or problem and formulate a hypothesis
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Demonstrate technical mastery of a research methodology
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Define and use terminology and concepts specific to their research topic
Audience: Undergraduate

4. Demonstrate competence and confidence in searching for existing research relevant to their project
Audience: Undergraduate

5. Explain how their project adds to knowledge gaps in the field
Audience: Undergraduate

6. Apply problem solving skills to address research hurdles
Audience: Undergraduate

7. Work collaboratively with other researchers in the laboratory (including other trainees, staff and the PI)
Audience: Undergraduate

8. Demonstrate growth in working autonomously over the course of the 681/682 enrollment period
Audience: Undergraduate

9. Explain their research to others in the field and to broader audiences in research presentations
Audience: Undergraduate

10. Articulate the relevance of their research to their professional future and speak to project-specific learning outcomes established with their research instructor and mentor
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Apply foundational veterinary knowledge and critical thinking to identify problems in veterinary medicine
Audience: Undergraduate

2. Develop professional veterinary medicine skills of interest by performing select techniques and procedures
Audience: Undergraduate

3. Communicate in written and/or verbal reports to veterinary colleagues and supervisors
Audience: Undergraduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Demonstrate understanding of mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of viral infections
Audience: Graduate

2. Obtain experience in critically reading scientific research
Audience: Graduate

3. Enhance scientific presentation skills
Audience: Graduate

4. Design and prepare funding applications for research projects in viral pathogenesis
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Understand real-world applications of foundational veterinary medical knowledge and skills
Audience: Graduate

2. Apply foundational veterinary knowledge and critical thinking to solve real-world problems
Audience: Graduate

3. Perform select techniques and procedures to develop various skills professional in veterinary medicine
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Analyze the complexities of ethical issues in research and the factors that can influence perceptions of ethical behavior.
Audience: Graduate

2. Develop a framework for making ethical decisions in research.
Audience: Graduate

3. Identify areas to apply best practices in responsible conduct of research to guide decision-making.
Audience: Graduate

4. Explain where to seek guidance for improving scientific communication skills.
Audience: Graduate

5. Develop the ability to effectively convey research results and findings.
Audience: Graduate

6. Recognize the importance of ethical conduct in research.
Audience: Graduate

7. Discuss the potential consequences of unethical behavior in research.
Audience: Graduate

8. Develop a sense of personal responsibility for maintaining ethical standards in research.
Audience: Graduate

9. Recognize the importance of safe research environments.
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Articulate critical thinking and knowledge about the significance of current research in the fields of animal and dairy science by presenting and/or critiquing scientific presentations
Audience: Graduate

2. Develop skills for oral and/or written communicating of complex ideas in a clear and understandable manner
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Use mind mapping to create a hierarchal structure to contextualize the projects/aims in your thesis research and design an effective scientific presentation.
Audience: Graduate

2. Apply concepts for effective data display and presentation to create and give a clear and well-organized research seminar presentation.
Audience: Graduate

3. Prepare a graphical abstract that effectively communicates the significance, design, and take-home message of your study or proposed work.
Audience: Graduate

4. List 3 best practices for delivering an effective scientific presentation based on your peer evaluations of presentations delivered by classmates this semester.
Audience: Graduate

5. State 3 things that you do not want to do when giving a talk, based on your experience giving a presentation and your observations of the presentations by others.
Audience: Graduate

Learning Outcomes: 1. Exhibit a broad understanding of general pathobiological science principles
Audience: Graduate

2. Conduct independent research using a variety of approaches
Audience: Graduate

3. Think critically to address research challenges
Audience: Graduate

4. Exhibit and foster professional and ethical conduct in their research
Audience: Graduate

5. Collaborate with other investigators within or outside the thesis lab
Audience: Graduate